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MUSIC   NUMBER. 


PENNSYLVANIA  STATE  SABBATH  SCHOOL  ASSOCIATION. 


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Vol.  VIII. 


May    I,   1902. 


No.  7 


SABBATH-SCHOOL  MUSIC 


WHAT   IS   GOOD   SABBATH=SCHOOL 
MUSIC? 

BY   REV.    \V.    F.    M'CAULEY,   LIT.    D. 

Opinions  differ  upon  this  important  sub- 
ject, probably  because  there  is  a  lack  of  clear 
conception  as  to  the  purpose  that  music 
should  subserve  in  the  school.  We  may  ar- 
rive at  a  better  understanding  by  consider- 
ing first  vrhat  that  purpose  is  not. 

It  should  be  evident  that  it  is  not  to  culti- 
vate a  taste  for  good  music,  for  music  in  the 
school  is  a  means  and  not  an  end.  The  school 
does  not  exist  for  the  music,  but  the  music 
for  the  school.  Hence,  the  professional  mu- 
sician is  one  of  the  poorest  persons  in  the 
world  to  prepare  a  book  for  the  Sabbath- 
school,  for  he  thinks  all  the  time  of  advanc- 
ing his  art,  and  not  of  the  general  work  of 
the  school,  whose  needs  as  a  rule  he  does  not 
understand.  Especially  those  musicians  who 
have  been  bit  by  the  German  and  English  for- 
eign musical  microbe,  and  whose  aim  is  to 
produce  great  choral  and  orchestral  effects, 
are  unsuited  to  the  task  of  solving  this  prob- 
lem. 

We  are  troubled  today  by  a  form  of  musi- 
cal Pharisaism  that  would  lade  the  school 
with  burdens  grievous  to  be  borne  in  the 
shape  of  songs  that  are  too  theoretically  for- 
mal to  be  uplifting,  and  the  result  is,  that 
some  of  the  publicans  of  song  are  going  into 
Ihe  kingdom  before  them.  Music  is  a  means 
of  soul  expression,  found  as  truly  in  the  milk- 
maid's  song  as  in  the  chorus  of  the  morning 
stars,  and  persons  of  every  degree  of  ability 
and  culture  must  have  music  adapted  to  their 
powers,  or  they  will  lack  one  natural  and 
necessary  means  of  worship.  A  school  can- 
not progress  with  a  stilted  hymnology.  The 
essential  characteristics  of  the  Sabbath- 
school  idea  must  extend  even  to  its  music, 
or  imperfection  will  be  seen  in  the  results. 


It  is  not  possible  to  sing  wrong  and  work 
right.  A  cap  sheaf  of  theory  will  not  pro- 
tect the  grain  of  ripened  fact. 

But  we  must  deprecate  with  equal  severity 
an  opposite  tendency  in  some  quarters,  that 
uould  flood  our  schools  with  songs  that  are 
grammatically,  rhetorically,  rhythmically, 
and  harmonically  bad.  If  space  permitted, 
1  could  quote  some  I'ublished  examples,  the 
climax  of  absurdity  being  reached,  I  think, 
in  the  rhyme  wherein  the  writer  affirms, 
"And  then  with  a  hop,  a  skip,  and  a  jump, 

I'll  land  in  the  beautiful  stream!  " 

That  is  good  Sabbath- school  music  which 
helps  on  the  result  for  which  the  Sabbath- 
school  itself  strives.  The  same  kind  of  music 
will  not  help  all  schools  alike,  nor  will  the 
same  music  help  any  one  school  equally  at  all 
times.  Would  the  superintendent  give  the 
session  an  evangelistic  character,  he  must 
have  evangelistic  songs;  would  he  emphasize 
work,  he  must  have  songs  of  service.  He 
needs  fast  songs,  to  wake  up  a  drowsy  school; 
and  solemn  ones,  to  tone  it  down  to  reverence 
and  deep  spiritual  feeling.  Some  of  the 
songs  should  possess  high  musical  merit,  not 
because  they  develop  musical  taste,  but  be- 
cause they  assist  devotion.  We  do  not  sing 
them  for  th_e  art,  but  for  the  science.  The 
songs  should  vary  from  the  simple  to  the  sub- 
lime; but  the  staple  should  be  songs  that 
combine  simplicity  of  structure  with  har- 
monic finish.  Even  pei-sons  of  little  musical 
culture  enjoy  singing  good  hymns,  if  they  are 
really  tuneful  and  their  progressions  are  not 
involved  in  unnatural  difficulties,  especially 
if  these  hymns  are  wedded  to  words  that  are 
adapted  to  mental  and  spiritual  needs.  We 
must  not  forget  that  officers  and  teachers,  as 
well  as  scholars,  should  be  considered  in 
planning  music  for  the  school,  for  the  benefit 
that  they  derive  from  the  service  as  a  whole 
will  have  much  to  do  with  their  interest  and 
efficiency. 

Next  to  the  character  of  the  songs,  the 
question  of  rendition  demands  consideration. 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


Some  songs  are  killed  by  being  sung  too  fast, 
others  by  being  sung  too  slow,  and  others  by 
being  rendered  in  a  wholly  expressionless 
manner.  The  familiar  hymn,  ' '  Antioch, ' '  is 
a  jingle,  consisting  mostly  of  scales,  but  as 
usually  sung  in  our  congregations  it  is  a 
grand  choral  anthem.  We  may  conjecture 
what  its  fate  might  have  been,  had  it  ap- 
peared first  in  a  Sabbath-school  music  book, 
Bung  to  such  words  as  we  frequently  see  em- 
ployed, and  led  by  a  precentor  who  wanted 
the  school  to  ' '  sing  up  lively. ' '  Good  songs 
are  those  which  are  in  line  with  the  purpose 
»f  the  school,  and  good  singing  is  that  which 
is  in  line  with  the  purpose  of  the  songs. 
Salem,  Ohio. 

«     «     « 
"DIFFICULTIES  IN  SECURING  GOOD 

MUSIC." 

SYMPOSIUM      BY     PROMINENT      PENNSYLVANIA 
^  PASTORS. 

I  am  delighted  with  your  decision  to  make 
the  May  number  of  the  Herald  a  special  on 
Sunday-school  music.  Mothing  could  be  more 
appropriate  and  needful,  as  a  preparation 
for  the  "Children's  Day"  services  in  June. 

You  ask  me  to  point  out  ' '  the  greatest 
difficulties  in  the  way  of  securing  good  Sun- 
day-School music."  1  suppose  1  am  near 
the  mark,  when  I  say,  a  lack  of  cultivated 
musical  talent,  on  the  part  of  our  musical 
composers  and  our  musical  directors,  in  the 
past,  was  the  greatest  hindrance  in  the  way 
of  securing  good  Sunday-school  music. 

Recently,  however,  there  has  been  a  de- 
cided improvement  in  nearly  all  of  our  Sun- 
day-school music.  The  music  is  more  diffi- 
cult, but  also  much  more  appropriate,  and 
handled  by  our  more  intelligent  musical  di- 
rectors and  choir  leaders,  the  singing  in 
very  many  of  our  Sunday-schools  is  now  of 
a  high  order. 

Another  discovery  has  aided  in  securing 
better  music,  and  that  is,  the  fact  that  quite 
small  children  are  able  to  sing  what  was 
once  thought  to  be  very  difficult  music.  Not 
only  to  sing,  but  sing  skillfully  under  any 
efficient  leader.  This  fact  will  aid  greatly 
in  still  further  improving  our  Sunday-school 
music. 

Then  there  was  that  erroneous  opinion 
the  little  children  could  only  be  induced  to 
sing  silly,  simple,  baby  words  set  to  equally 
simple,  silly,  tripping,  skipping  music. 
That  opinion  has  been  exploded,  and  there 


are  coming  into  our  Sunday-schools  hymns 
of  praise  and  devotion,  words  containing  the 
true  meaning  of  God,  Jesus,  Savior  and  Sal- 
vation, set  to  music  that  lifts  the  soul  and 
mind  into  a  real  spirit  of  worship.  This  or- 
der of  music  has  not  reached  its  completion ; 
but  the  wisest  and  best  musical  composers 
have  discovered  that  music  and  hymns  that 
do  not  contain  evidences  of  this  improved 
order  find  little  or  no  sale  in  the  market; 
and  thus  the  indications  are  that  a  very  de- 
cided improvement  may  be  expected  in  the 
near  future.  This  is  as  it  should  be.  Very 
largely,  our  young  people  receive  their  moral, 
spiritual  and  Bible  training  in  our  Sunday- 
schools.  Here,  therefore,  they  should  also 
receive  their  training  in  sacred  music.  Here 
they  will  learn  and  be  impressed  as  nowhere 
else,  and  here  the  very  purest  and  best  sacred 
hymns  and  songs  should  be  taught  them. 

No  one  can  fail  to  see  and  appreciate  the 
improvement  in  the  music  in  the  "Chil- 
dren's Day,"  "Christmas,"  and  "Easter" 
services,  issued  by  our  various  Sunday- 
school  Boards. 

The  effort  to  put  a  Sunday-school  Hymnal 
into  the  hands  of  each  scholar  may  be  a 
good  thing  to  do,  for  the  time  being,  but 
our  Sunday-schools  will  never  be  satisfied 
rvith  a  fixed  hymnal  for  all  occasions;  and 
much  as  our  Boards  urge  the  adoption  of 
the  h;vTnnals,  they  are  not  willing  to  stop 
issuing  "special  services"  for  all  special  oc- 
casions. In  whatever  form  our  music  may  be 
issued,  let  us  urge  and  encourage  the  still 
further  improvement  of  the  hymns  and  mu- 
sic to  be  used  in  our  Sunday-schools. 

Rev.  J.  B.  Shontz. 

Chamhersburg,  Fa. 

Replying  to  yours  of  24th,  would  say: 
First,  sentiment.  Too  much  of  our  Sunday- 
school  sentiment  is  unscriptural,  consequently 
does  not  impart  itself  to  the  heart  through 
the  influence  of  the  Holy  Spirit.  Second, 
music  too  intricate  for  children.  The  mel- 
ody should  be  of  a  class  that  will  keep  the 
heart  singing  upon  the  street  (we  need  a 
church  music  that  will  not  confine  itself  to 
the  hour  of  worship),  in  the  home  and  busi- 
ness place.  It  should  counteract  the  vulgar 
song  of  the  theatre  and  saloon. 

Loclc  Haven,  Pa.  R^v.  A.  R.  Miller. 

One  of  the  greatest  difficulties  I  see,  is  the 
music  is  too  difficult  for  the  average  scholar. 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


Another  feature  is  the  compilers  of  hymn 
books  accunuilate  a  lot  of  dead  wood,  or 
hymns  which  last  but  for  a  year  or  two. 
Other  features  might  be  expressed,  as  for  in- 
stance, too  much  jingle.  Life  without  some 
jingle  is  next  to  impossible,  but  it  seems 
possible  to  get  more  life  with  less  jingle. 

Some  of  the  old  tunes  played  .a  little  faster 
than  the  average  person  plays  them,  would 
give  spice  and  life  to  Sabbath-school  sing- 
ing. 

We  need  music  that  will  sink  into  the 
heart  of  a  child  and  stay  there.  Some  of 
our  modern  hjTnns  will  not  sink  into  any 
heart.  Eev.  Hugh  Miller. 

Lansford,  Fa.  

One  of  the  greatest  difficulties  in  getting 
good  music  in  the  Sunday-school,  according 
to  my  observation,  is  the  desire  for  frequent 
changes  in  hymn  books.  Before  the  school 
is  really  familiar  enough  with  the  hymns  so 
that  there  is  general  participation  in  the 
singing,  there  arises  a  demand  for  a  change 
— a  new  book.  This  is  owing,  I  think,  partly 
to  the  character  of  the  music,  but  more  fre- 
quently to  the  lack  of  leaders  in  singing  who 
have  skill  to  make  the  best  use  of  the  music, 
so  as  to  give  freshness  to  the  singing  of  the 
familiar  hymns. 

Bally,  Pa.         Eev.  Anthony  S.  Shelly. 

1.  Not  enough  variety  in  sentiment  to 
meet  the  various  occasions  and  subjects  of 
study. 

2.  Need  of  a  greater  variety  of  ' '  tempo ' ' 
and  melody  in  compositions  for  present-day 
Sunday-school  musical  ability. 

3.  Compositions  for  children 's  voices 
written  within  a  more  limited  compass. 

4.  A  religious  dignity  and  devotional 
tone  to  both  words  and  music. 

Eev.  E.  Clark  Hibshman. 
Stroudsburg,  Pa. 

One  of  the  greatest  difficulties  in  the  way 
of  securing  good  Sunday-school  music  has 
been,  I  think,  that  so  much  of  what  we  have 
had  has  been  of  a  hip-and-thigh  kind,  whose 
distinguishing  features  have  been  jingle  and 
jang;  lively  but  not  edifying.  Now,  I  don't 
mean  that  Sunday-school  music  should  be 
sleepy  and  soporific  in  its  effects,  but  the 
staccato,  tit-for-tat  style  has  had  the  floor 
too  long. 

Another  difficulty,  it  seems  to  me,  has  been 
the  poor  poetry  of  some  would-be  versifiers 


who  will  persist  in  thinking  that  they  can 
write  edifyingly.  Eight  here  I  would  like  to 
see  the  Church 's  best  hymns  set  to  music 
that  boys  and  girls  would  take  to.  I  fear 
that  even  some  Sunday-school  music  books 
may  have  been  compiled  for  dollars.  Stuff 
has  been  put  into  some  Sunday-school  hymns 
that  some  versifiers  can  reel  off  by  the  yard. 
Some  points  in  connection  vpith  Sunday- 
school  music  that  if  discussed  might  be  help- 
ful, are: 

1.  Christian  facts  in  the  hymns;  not 
mere  sentiment. 

2.  Eeverent  singing;  iiotliivg  else  during 
the  singing. 

3.  A  quarter  of  an  hour  before  the  regu- 
lar session  of  the  school  in  which  to  practice 
the  hymns. 

4.  The  hymns  to  fit  the  lesson  of  the  day, 
as  much  as  possible. 

Shippensburg,  Pa.     Eev.  Geo.  C.  Henry. 

The  music  of  the  General  Lutheran  Coun- 
cil Sunday-school  is  of  a  higher  grade  than 
that  which  is  used  by  the  majority  of  Sun- 
day-schools. We  import  music  from  Ger- 
many, Sweden,  Denmark,  etc.  Our  Sunday- 
school  is  preparatory  to  church  service,  hence 
music,  hymns,  opening  and  closing  services 
are  a  part  of  the  church's  service.  Go  to 
1522  Arch  street,  and  examine  our  Sunday- 
school  music. 

The  aim  of  writers  and  music  committees 
thus  far  seems  to  have  been  for  "popular 
music."  From  my  standpoint  there  are  no 
difficulties  in  the  way  of  securing  better 
music.  Eev.  W.  M.  Eehrig. 

Mauch  Chunk,  Pa. 

Three  great  difficulties : 

1.  The  lack  of  musical  development. 

2.  The  lack  of  musical  taste. 

3.  The  lack  of  musical  ideals. 
Points  for  careful  consideration : 

1.  The  Sunday-school  and  Church  music 
practice.  (Not  choir,  but  a  general  gather- 
ing.) 

2.  Music  for  special  occasions— Easter, 
Children's  Day,  Christmas,  etc.,— to  cultivate 
taste. 

3.  Is  "artistic"  (not  to  mention  "oper- 
atic") music  and  singing  the  ideal,  or  are 
the  Church  Hymns  of  proper  thought  and 
harmony?  (Cp.  N.  Y.  Independent,  March 
20,  1902,  p.  688,  "Pulpit  Handicaps  in 
America.")  Eev.  Wm.  L.  Leisher. 

Broolcville,  Pa. 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


THE  ORCHESTRA:    A  HELP  OR  A 
HINDRANCE. 

BY  HENRY  A.  BOMBERGER. 
Temple  College. 

Having  served  a  full  term  in  tlie  orches- 
tra, I  feel  that  I  can  speak  of  it  without  hes- 
itation and  intelligently. 

Theoreticallj'  the  orchestra  certainly  has 
a  place  in  the  work  and  worship  of  the  Sun- 
lay-school.  There  is  undoubted  Scriptural 
warrant  for  it,  for  the  singers  as  well  as  the 
"players  on  musical  instruments"  should  be 
there.  In  general  terms  these  play  an  im- 
portant part  in  the  music  of  the  sanctuary, 
in  the  praises  of  the  Sunday-school. 

But  in  practice!  — jiardon  me  if  1  protest  a 
little.  In  practice,  wilh  the  kind  of  combi- 
nation the  Sunday-school  orchestra  usually 
is,  and  the  kind  of  music  the  Sunday-school 
has  been  recently  singing — well,  if  you  will 
pardon  me  again,  it  simply  beats  the  band. 
It  passes  far  beyond  my  powers  of  descrip- 
tion—I mean  tho  orchestra  I  used  to  play 
in.  Here's  your  chance  to  come  back  at  me, 
sure  enough,  but  I  don't  mind.  In  practice, 
I  said;  no,  it  never  was  in  practice,  but  in- 
variably out  of  practice,  and  out  of  tune— 
as  it  ought  to  have  been  out  of  the  building. 

First  we  had  to  tune  up,  of  course;  that 
Was  a  large  and  important  feature  of  the 
afternoon's  exercises.  Have  you  ever  heard 
a  Sunday-school  orchestra  tune  up?  Then 
you  don't  know  what  you  have  missed.  Have 
you  ever  been  in  the  forest  wilds  when  the 
night  birds  began  to  try  their  voices  and  all 
the  creatures  of  the  darkness  set  up  an  op- 
position chorus,  and  the  woods  re-echoed  and 
rasped  with  an  unspeakable  confusion  of  jar- 
ring noises?  No?  "Well,  you  have  read  about 
it  at  any  rate.  It  puts  one  into  such  a  devo- 
tional frame  of  mind— that  is  if  you  are  a 
votary  of  the  impressionist  school  of  art;  it 
is  so  soothing,  quieting,  calls  home  the 
thoughts  "that  rove  abroad,"  and  prepares 
one  for  worshipful,  reverential  service !  This 
is  the  Sunday-school  orchestra  as  it  is,  just 
Jis  the  opening  gong  strikes  up  its  tuneful  lay 
and  the  school  comes  to  order— di.s-order. 

Then  came  the  ' '  processional, ' '  probably 
from  Stradella,  or  more  likely  from  Faust 
just  where  Mephisto  enters.  And— we  were 
"off  on  the  jundy, "  as  Ian  Maclaren  would 
say.  It  was  wonderful,  thrilling,  tickled  your 
feet — never  touched  your  heart.  Especially 
about  Easter  time,  or  Christmas,  or  Chil- 
dren's Day!     Of  course,  as  we  all  know,  our 


modern  festival  music  is  of  the  rarest  va- 
riety. Why,  when  the  new  ' '  service ' '  comes 
to  our  house  and  we  go  to  the  piano  to  try  it, 
Sunday  afternoon,  just  after  school,  I  have 
to  send  one  of  my  children  into  our  neigh- 
bor's to  assure  him  that  we  are  not  running 
over  the  score  of  ' '  The  New  Yorkers, ' '  much 
less  having  a  dance.  The  orchestra,  how- 
ever, lights  on  it  with  avidity.  Sometimes 
the  people  sing,  but  rarely.  They  simply 
couldn't  do  it,  that  is  with  any  degree  of 
decorum  and  satisfaction.  And  the  more  un- 
fittingly and  shockingly  the  melody  runs 
away  with  the  harmony  and  skips  over  the 
prostrate  soul  of  true  service,  the  more  rosin 
and  wind  the  orchestra  (I  used  to  play  in) 
brings  to  bear  on  the  occasion.  It  saws  the 
soul  asunder  and  blows  religion  out  of  the 
back  door.  The  women  waltz  to  the  tomb- 
while  the  wise  men  return  to  their  places  by 
way  of  a  two-step,  "some  other  way"  that 
is.  It  is  a  fact.  And  the  best  thing  the  or- 
chestra is  doing,  probably,  is  in  showing  up 
the  utterly  irreligious  and  harmful  character 
of  the  whole  thing. 

But  then  the  orchestra  gives  a  number  of 
young  men,  who  are  hard  to  hold,  something 
to  do,  it  interests  them.  True  enough,  and 
this  very  same  specious  argument  is  kidnap- 
ping us  these  days  and  transforming  the 
ehurch  into  a  comedy,  worship  into  a  mati- 
nee, and  the  house  of  God  into  a  banqueting 
hall.  We  are  not  here  to  give  people  some 
thing  to  do,  to  get  them  to  work;  but  to 
give  them  the  right  thing  to  do,  to  get  them 
to  work  religiously  and  for  the  Kingdom  of 
God. 

And  yet  I  argue  no  more  against  the  or- 
chestra in  the  Sunday-school  than  I  do 
against  music  in  the  Sunday-school.  Both 
are  good;  it  may  be  they  are  essential,  in 
theory  why  should  we  not  have  an  orches- 
tra'? In  practice  why  should  it  not  be  a  great 
aid  to  worship?  If  properly  attuned,  if  suf- 
ficiently subdued,  if  common  sense  tune  the 
instruments  where  the  tuning  will  not  jar  the 
religious  feeling,  or  in  a  way  that  is  less 
noisy  and  conspicuous,  if  it  "observe  de- 
gree, priority  and  place"  and  play  "in  the 
Spirit, "  if  it  choose  selections  in  keeping 
with  a  religious  service,  and  go  home  by  a 
rear  street,  well  and  good,  let  us  have  the  or- 
chestra. 

As  it  is  it  is  less  of  a  help  and  more  of  a 
hindrance;  as  it  might  be  it  is  more  of  help 
and  little  or  none  of  a  hindrance. 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


SELECTING  A  SUNDAY=SCHOOL 
HYMNAL. 

BY  CHAS.  M.  FILLMORE. 

An  old  gentleman  was  heard  recently  to 
say,  "I  have  always  felt  that  I  have  been 
most  unfortunate  in  the  time  during  which 
it  has  been  my  lot  to  live  upon  the  eartti. 
When  I  was  a  child,  old  age  was  revered  and 
little  regard  was  given  to  children;  now  that 
I  am  old,  everything  is  done  for  the  chil- 
dren, and  old  people  are  slighted. ' ' 

This  is  the  children's  age,  and  in  nothing 
is  it  more  plainly  shown  than  in  the  Sunday- 
school  work;  and  in  the  Sunday-school  work 
there  is  no  more  marked  characteristic  than 
the  children  's  music. 

To  William  B.  Bradbury  belongs  the  credit 
for  having  begun  the  work  of  writing  special 
songs  for  the  children  in  the  Sunday-schools. 
Bince  his  day,  there  have  been  hundreds  to 
take  up  the  work,  among  them  musicians  of 
marked  ability. 

"While  some  of  the  material  issued  in  the 
flame  of  Sunday-school  music  has  been  very 
poor,  even  vile,  on  the  whole  the  standard  of 
excellence  has  been  elevated  gradually,  until 
today  there  are  really  meritorious  books  pub- 
lished for  the  children. 

In  selecting  a  song  book  for  the  Sunday- 
6chool  the  following  rules  should  be  followed : 

1.  Study  the  words  of  the  hymns.  See 
that  they  contain  Bible  teaching,  adapted  to 
the  minds  and  hearts  of  the  children,  express- 
ed in  good,  poetic  language. 

2.  Observe  whether  the  tunes  are  adapt- 
ed to  the  sentiment  of  the  words,  are  sing- 
able, and  religious  in  character. 

3.  While  the  words  and  music  are  to  be 
Adapted  to  the  children,  they  should  not  be 
puerile  or  childish.  Sunday-schools  contain 
others  beside  the  infant  class.  The  best  mu- 
sic and  sentiments  are  none  too  good  for  the 
little  ones.  It  is  just  as  easy  to  teach  a  good 
song  as  a  poor  one. 

In  the  music  of  the  Sunday-school,  as  in 
the  other  parts  of  the  work,  the  children  are 
to  be  trained  for  the  church.  Some  of  the 
standard  hymns  from  the  church  hymnal 
should  be  in  the  collection  of  the  Sunday- 
school,  and  be  sung  regularly  by  the  chil- 
dren. 

In  taking  up  a  new  song  bj'  the  school,  see 
that  the  children  understand  the  sentiment  of 
the  words  before  they  try  a  note  of  the  song. 
Do  not  be  afraid  of  repeating  the  songs  fre- 


quently, but  be  sure  to  learn  two  or  three  new 
ones  every  month. 

An  orchestra  may  help  to  make  the  music 
stronger,  but  care  must  be  taken  that  it  does 
not  distract  attention  instead  of  help  the 
singing.  A  choir  of  children  may  be  used 
for  the  same  purpose,  but  has  the  same  dan- 
gerous tendency. 

The  music  of  the  Sunday-school  will  no 
more  run  itself  successfully  than  will  any 
other  part  of  the  work.  Pray  over  it,  plan 
for  it,  push  it,  persevere  in  it,  and  it  will 
pay  prodigiously. 

Cincinnati,  0. 

HOW   TO   SELECT   MUSIC   FOR   SPE= 
CIAL  OCCASIONS. 

BY  J.  LINCOLN  HALL. 

By  special  occasions  I  take  it  for  granted 
is  meant  Christmas,  Easter,  Children's  Day, 
Conventions,  etc. 

The  music  selected  should  usually  be  bright 
and  easily  learned,  as  it  is  far  better  to 
sing  an  unpretentious  piece  well  than  an  am- 
bitious one  indifferently.  Occasionally  a 
more  quiet  piece,  in  contrast,  is  effective. 

Each  piece  should  have  a  strongly  marked 
rhythm  or  natural  flow.  The  difficult  pieces 
for  a  school  to  learn  are  not  the  ones  that  are 
hard  to  play,  or  long,  or  even  ambitious,  but 
the  ones  that  lack  continuity  of  rhythm;  to 
use  a  homely  word,  beware  of  the  piece  that 
"stutters." 

The  tendency  of  modern  Sunday-school 
music  is  toward  the  simple  in  melody  and  the 
more  elaborate  in  accompaniment.  Very 
good  effects  can  be  made  with  this  style  of 
music,  as  the  hard  work  is  done  by  the  in- 
struments, and  the  work  of  the  school  is  com- 
paratively easy. 

It  is  well  for  the  school  to  sing  only  the 
melody,  as  there  are  usually  so  few  that  can 
sing  parts  in  a  school  that  the  effect  of  part 
singing  is  lost.  An  occasional  two-part 
piece  sung  by  the  school  is  very  effective. 
For  this  a  simple  two-part  piece  especially 
ivritten  for  the  school  should  be  selected,  and 
the  girls  taught  one  part  and  the  boys  the 
other.  The  effect  produced  is  well  worth  the 
effort. 

Avoid  the  commonplace  or  trite  in  Sunday- 
school  music.  Hunt  for  the  inspirations.  It 
(s  accepted  among  musicians  that  it  is  almost 
impossible  to  write  anything  new  at  this  late 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


day;  that  the  time  for  creation  in  music  is 
past.  However,  we  are  continually  finding 
Buch  pleasing  and  effective  pieces  that  we  say 
they  are  inspirations;  the  same  might  be 
said  of  all  art. 

So,  in  the  selections  for  the  special  occa- 
Bion,  find  those  gems  that  are  the  outflow  of 
an  artistic  and  musical  nature. 

There  is  good  and  bad  even  in  Sunday- 
school  music,  and  the  difference  to  my  mind 
is  between  the  forced  and  the  inspired.  The 
inspiration,  if  only  a  Sunday-school  piece,  is 
better  than  the  merely  conventional,  no  mat- 
ter how  elaborate  or  pretentious  the  latter 
may  be. 

Another  rule  in  selection  that  is  profitable 
to  follow  is  this:  to  select  no  piece  that  is 
harder  to  learn  than  the  effect  produced  jus- 
tifies. 

A  school  or  chorister  does  not  mind  a  little 
work  provided  they  get  something  for  it.  I 
have  taught  the  Sunday-school  the  Gloria 
from  Mozart 's  Twelfth  Mass,  and  they  seem- 
ed to  enjoy  learning  it,  and  all  felt  that  the 
time  taken  in  learning  it  was  well  spent,  be- 
cause of  the  wonderful  results  obtained.  The 
Sunday-school  is  very  sensitive  about  its  mu- 
sic, and  feels  very  quickly  whether  a  piece  is 
a  good  selection  or  not.  It  is  not  hard  to 
teach  the  scholars  a  selection  that  pleases 
them,  but  very  difficult  to  teach  something 
that  does  not  interest  them. 

A  word  might  be  said  about  the  poetry  of 
the  selections.  Be  careful  to  choose  sensible, 
scriptural  and  interesting  poems. 

"With  music  that  appeals  to  them,  and 
words  that  interest  them,  with  an  enthusiastic 
leader  and  a  good  instrumentalist,  it  is  sur- 
prising what  the  Sunday-school  can  accom- 
plish in  the  music  for  special  occasions. 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 

«     *     « 
BOOK  REVIEWS. 

The  market  is  flooded  with  books,  some 
bad,  a  great  many  indifferent,  and  a  few 
good.  But  it  is  seldom  a  book  comes  to  hand 
that  possesses  as  great  intrinsic  merit,  or  as 
much  practical  value,  as  ' '  The  Bible  in 
Story,"  just  issued  by  the  Standard  Pub- 
lishing Co.,  of  Cincinnati,  O. 

The  book  is  written  by  the  Eev.  W.  F.  Mc- 
C'auley,  Lit.D.,  who  was,  for  more  than  five 
years,  the  able  and  beloved  President  of  the 


Ohio  C.  E.  Union,  and  he  has  brought  to 
this  work  the  qualities  gained  in  a  very  ac- 
tive and  widely  varied  life  of  Christian  ac- 
tivity. 

It  is  the  story  of  how  a  circle  of  friends 
met  from  time  to  time,  for  the  purpose  of 
Bible  study,  rather  than  any  attempt  at  re- 
casting the  Scripture  narratives.  It  gives, 
however,  in  a  simplified  form,  the  outline  of 
the  entire  Plan  of  Salvation,  from  the  Crea- 
tion to  the  end  of  Eevelation,  as  it  is  out- 
lined in  the  Bible. 

Events  are  carefully  arranged  in  their 
chronological  order,  and  step  by  step,  along 
fhe  way,  the  doubts  and  objections  most  com- 
monly met,  are  recognized  and  dealt  vnth. 

Parents,  with  growing  sons  and  daughters 
who  have  just  arrived  at  the  ' '  skeptical 
age, ' '  will  find  in  this  book  a  most  effective 
weapon  with  which  to  overcome  these  foes  to 
Iheir  children's  faith.  It  combines  thorough 
scholarship  with  simplicity  of  statement,  and 
is  at  the  same  time  so  interesting  as  to  hold 
the  attention  to  the  end. 

Sunday-school  teachers  wiU  find  it  a  most 
valuable  aid  for  their  own  study,  as  a  careful 
following  of  the  outline  given  there  will 
yield  a  grasp  of  Bible  facts  possessed  by  but 
few  teachers,  and  superior  to  that  found  in 
most  Normal  Courses.  It  will  help  them  by 
increasing  their  knowledge  of  Bible  facts, 
and  by  suggesting  to  them  lines  of  argument 
with  which  to  answer  cavilers,  as  well  as 
honest  questioners. 

Our  only  wish  is  that  all  Sunday-school 
teachers  and  Christian  people  in  Pennsyl- 
vania could  be  come  thoroughly  acquainted 
with  this  valuable  book. 

The  Vir  Publishing  Co.  has  just  issued  the 
closing  book  of  its  ' '  series  for  women, ' '  en- 
titled, "What  a  Woman  of  Forty-five  Ought 
to  Know. ' '  In  many  ways  it  appears  to  us 
as  the  best  of  the  series.  It  is  filled  with  val- 
uable information  about  woman's  physical 
nature,  wise  suggestions  for  her  guidance, 
and  abundant  encouragement  to  cheer  her 
through  times  of  trial  and  despondency. 

Every  woman  would  be  elevated  mentally, 
and  helped  physically,  by  the  perusal  of  this 
book. 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


TENTH   INTERNATIONAL 

SUNDAY-SCHOOL  CONVENTION 

Denver,  Colorado,  June,  26-30,  1902. 


THE  KEYSTONE  SUNDAY-SCHOOL  SPECIAL 

Is    the    Official    Train    for    the    Pennsylvania    Delegation    and    those   of   Other    Eastern    States. 


Route,  via  the  Pennsylvania  Eailroad 
to  Chicago;  thence,  without  change,  via  the 
C'HiCAfio,  Rock  Island  and  Pacific  Rail- 
way to  Denver. 

Grandest  Scenic  Trip  on  the  American 

SCHEDULE.  CONTINENT. 

Leave  Broad  Street  Station,  Philadelphia, 
on  Monday,  June  23,  at  12.31  P.  M.,  by  the 
Pennsylvania  Railroad,  thus  accommodat- 
ing friends  from  Neve  Jersey,  Delaware, 
Maryland,  Washington,  etc. 

Leave  Lancaster,  2.25  P.  M. ;  Harrisburg, 
3.25  P.  M.;  Altooua,  7.30  P.  M.;  Pittsburg, 
10.00  P.  M.,  Central  time;  reaching  Chicago 
on  Tuesday  at  12.45  P.  M.  An  afternoon 
and  evening  for  sight-seeing  in  Chicago  and 
participation  in  an  evening  meeting  arrang- 
ed for  the  delegations;  at  10.30  P.  M.,  the 
journey  vrill  be  resumed  via  the  Chicago, 
Rock  Island  and  Pacific  Railway,  arriv- 
ing in  Denver  on  Thursday,  June  26,  at  7.45 
A.  M. 

Delegates  and  friends  can  take  the  train 
at  either  of  the  points  named. 

Rates  for  Railroad  Fare  for  the  Round 
Trip  will  be  as  follows: 

From  Philadelphia,  Baltimore,  or  Wash- 
ington, $47.25 ;  from  Lancaster,  $46.33 ; 
from  Harrisburg,  $45.25;  from  Altoona, 
$43.75;  from  Pittsburg,  $40.25;  from  Chi- 
cago, $25.00. 

Pullman  Sleeping  Car  Rates  to  Denver 
(same  rate  for  return)  : 

From  Philadelphia,  Lancaster,  Baltimore, 
or  Washington,  $11.00;  from  Harrisburg, 
$10.00;  from  Altoona,  $9.50  from  Pittsburg, 
$8.50;   from  Chicago,  $6.00. 

Tourist  Sleeping  Cars  to  Denver  (same 
rate  for  return) : 

From  Philadelphia,  Lancaster,  Harris- 
burg, Baltimore,  or  Washington,  $4.50;  from 
Altoona  or  Pittsburg,  $4.00;  from  Chicago, 
$2.50. 

Reclining  Chair  Car  Seats  from  Chi- 
cago, or  return  to  Chicago  over  the  Rock 
Island  Railway,  free. 


Reservations  of  sleeping  car  berths  can 
be  made  only  by  payment  in  full  in  advance. 
Applications  will  receive  attention  in  the  or- 
der of  their  receipt,  lower  berths  being  as- 
signed first. 

Tickets  should  be  purchased  for  Denver 
VIA  Pueblo,  which  will  be  of  advantage  in 
visiting  Colorado  Springs,  Pike's  Peak,  etc., 
after  the  Convention,  without  added  cost. 


Worthy  of  Special  Notice. 

—  Everything  planned  to  secure  the  maxi- 
mum of  comfort  at  the  minimum  of  cost. 


—An  afternoon  and  evening  in  Chicago, 
en  route,  for  sight-seeing  and  a  grand  even- 
ing meeting. 

*  *     * 

—A  choice  party  of  congenial  people, 
with  provision  for  a  good  time,  good  music, 
good  fellowship. 

*  *     * 

—  Close  connections,  no  delays,  meals  at 
moderate  prices.  Everything  of  the  best,  as 
regards  price,  time,  equipment,  and  service. 

*  *     * 

—  Side  trips  of  surpassing  interest  at  re- 
duced rates,  after  the  great  Convention 
closes. 

*  *     * 

Be  sure  to  book  only  and  early  for  The 
Keystone  Sunday-school  Special. 

Detailed  circular  containing  full  informa- 
tion is  now  ready.  If  you  want  to  go  as  a 
delegate,  or  as  an  alternate,  or  otherwise, 
there  is  not  a  moment  to  lose.  It  will  be  the 
opportunity  of  your  life. 

*  *     *  , 

For  further  information,  reservation  of 
berths,  certificates  of  appointment,  etc.,  ad- 
dress, enclosing  stamp  for  reply, 

C.  R.  Blackall, 
Chairman    Pennsylvania    Delegation, 
1420  Chestnut  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


Pcnnei^Ivania  THeral^. 

OFFICES    AT 

Tenth  St.  and  P.  &  R.  Ry.,  Lebanon. 
913  Crazer  BnlUine,  Philadelphia. 


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913    Crozer    Building.    Pbiladelphia. 

MRS.    J.    WOODBRIDGE    BARNES, 

HUGH    CORK,    REV.    C.    A.    OLIVER.    REV.    E.    F. 

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Publishing   Committee. 

C.    R.    BLACKALL.    D.D.  REV.    ALEX.    HENRY. 


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[Entered   at  Lebanon   P.  O.   as  second-class  matter.] 


May    I,   1902. 


NORMAL  DEPARTMENT  NOTES. 

REV.  CHAS.  A.  OLIVER,  SUPERINTENDENT. 

Many  letters  tell  of  the  helpfulness  of  our 
Normal  course, 

A  teacher  writes:  "1  feel  so  grateful  for 
this  opportunity  of  study,  and  the  knowledge 
that  someone  is  interested  in  me  and  ready 
to  assist,  is  inspiring."  Another  says:  "i 
believe  our  Normal  Class  has  done  much 
good,  not  only  for  those  who  have  been 
studying,  but  to  the  neighborhood  in  gen- 
eral.' ' 

Here  is  the  program  followed  in  one  Nor- 
mal Class :  ' '  We  meet  Fridays  from  4  until 
5  p.  m.  We  open  the  hour  with  prayer;  then 
roll  call,  responded  to  by  memorial  Bible 
verses,  telling  where  found ;  book,  chapter 
and  verse.  Then  the  Normal  lesson  is  thor- 
oughly gone  over,  with  some  very  good  black- 
board work  by  one  of  the  teachers.  What 
remains  of  the  hour  we  devote  to  review." 


The  State  Superintendent  desires  to  have 
information  regarding  every  Normal  Class 
in  the  State.  If  there  is  a  class  connected 
with  your  church,  the  information  will  be 
appreciated.  We  are  endeavoring  to  make 
the  roll  of  Normal  Classes  and  students  as 
complete  as  possible. 

The  following  new  classes  have  been  form- 
ed: 

In  St.  John 's  Lutheran  church,  Mauch 
Chunk,  a  class  of  11,  taught  by  Eev.  Dr. 
Eehrig. 

A  union  class  of  14,  in  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
rooms.  West  Chester,  taught  by  Prof. 
Kreamer. 

A  class  of  22,  in  the  ' '  Swamp  Mennonite 
Charge, ' '  Quakertown,  Bucks  county.  Prof. 
S.  M.  Eosenberger,  teacher. 

In  the  M.  E.  church,  Corry,  Erie  county,  a 
class  of  14. 

In  the  South  Avenue  M.  E.  church,  Wil- 
kinsburg,  Allegheny  county,  a  class  of  5. 

In  Zion  's  Lutheran  church,  Waynesboro, 
Franklin  county,  Eev.  C.  H.  Eockey  teaches  a 
class  of  14. 

A  class  of  14  at  Pottstown,  Schuylkill 
county,  taught  by  Eev.  W.  F.  Eentz. 

Nine  additional  members  of  Prof. 
Schrope's  class,  at  Mahanoy  City,  Schuylkill 
county. 

Diplomas  have  been  conferred  on  a  class  of 
nine  persons  at  Smyra,  Lancaster  county, 
taught  by  Miss  S.  J.  Udderzook. 

Diplomas  have  been  conferred  also  upon  a 
class  of  five  taught  by  Mr.  B.  E.  H.  Satter- 
field,  Altoona. 

*     *     * 

That  famous  Evangelistic  Gospel  song, 
entitled,  "Tell  Mother  I'll  Be  There,"  is 
printed  in  the  new  book,  "Gospel  Songs,  No. 
2, ' '  along  with  twenty  other  new  solos  for 
Gospel  meetings.  ' '  Gospel  Songs  No.  2  "  is 
a  book  of  new  songs,  256  pages,  bound  in 
cloth.  A  copy  will  be  mailed  for  30  cents  by 
the  publishers.  The  Fillmore  Brothers  Co., 
Cincinnati,  O.,  or  40  Bible  House,  New  York. 
"h     •i'     "h 

—  In  every  child's  heart  there  is  a  door— 
within  it  are  treasures,  and  we  must  seek, 
knock,  ask.  Not  understanding  the  child, 
we  seek,  and  knock,  and  ask  in  vain — but 
he  who  first  studies  the  child,  understands 
the  child,  and  in  accordance  with  this  knowl- 
edge seeks,  knocks  and  asks  aright  will  find 
that  heart  thrown  open  and  its  best  treas- 
ures poured  out. 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


9 


DEPARTMENT  OF  ORGANIZATION, 

HUGH  CORK,  Superintendent. 


Heart  Lake  Program. 

The  outline  program  of  the  Heart  Lake 
Summer  School,  ■which  is  to  be  held  June 
23-27,  was  not  ready  for  publication  last 
mouth.    We  now  give  it  as  follows: 

EVERY  DAY  ABOUT  LIKE  THIS  : 

9.45 — Primary  work  (four  different  phases), 
Mrs.  Drinkwater. 

10.20— Studies  in  the  Bible  (Books  of  Num- 
bers, Esther,  Matthew  and  Philemon), 
Eev.  Chas.  A.  Oliver. 

11.00— Studies  in  Sunday-school  Music,  Prof. 
J.  A.  Sophia. 

11.40 — Devotional  Service,  led  by  different 
ministers. 

12.00— Intermission. 

After7}Oon. 
2.00— Junior  Work  (four  different  phases), 

Mrs.  Drinkwater. 
2.40 — Practical   Problems    (four),   Rev.   L. 

W.  Hainer. 
3.15 — Conferences  (on  four  vital  subjects). 
4.00 — Adjournment. 

Evening. 
7.45  — Sunday-school  Chorus  Behearsal,  with 
Concerts    on    Tuesday    and    Thursday 
evenings,  conducted  by  Prof.  Sophia. 
8.30-9.15 — Stereopticon    Lectures    on    Mon- 
day,  Wednesday   and   Friday   nights, 
by  Eev.   L.   W.   Hainer,  on  "In   the 
Footjjrints  of  Our  Saviour." 
Programs  for  this  school,  as  well  as   for 
the  schools  at   Pittsburg,   Eagles  Mere,  and 
Sanatoga   Park,  will  be  ready  for  distribu- 
tion about  May  loth.     Send  to  your  County 
Secretary  or  the  State  Office  for  them. 

Association  News. 

Three  Simvltaneou.s  City  Tours  were 
entered  upon  March  13th,  and  ended  March 
25th.  The  following  persons  were  engaged 
in  the  work:  Mr.  Cork,  Mrs.  Barnes,  Rev 
Oliver,  Miss  Harlow,  Mrs.  Kennedy,  Mrs 
Drinkwater,  and  Miss  Hamlin.  The  follow 
ing  places  were  visited :  West  Chester,  Allen 
town,  Waverly,  Seranton,  Moosic,  Dunmore 
Tunkhannock,  Troy,  Wellsboro,  Jersey  Shore, 
Howard,  Tyrone,  Doylestown,  Royersford 
Bloomsburg,  Danville,  Middleburg,  Roches 
ter.  New  Castle,  Clark 's  Mills,  Meadville,  Oil 


City,  Erie,  Tionesta,  Warren,  Johnsonburg, 
Ridgway,  Brookville,  and  Kittanning.  The 
purpose  of  these  meetings  w-as  to  stir  up 
local  interest  in  Sunday-school  work  in  gen- 
eral and  our  Association  work  in  particular 
in  the  25  counties  visited.  The  aggregate 
attendance  at  these  29  places  was  nearly 
3,000,  and  these  mostly  officers  and  teachers. 
We  are  sure  better  work  will  follow  these 
visits,  and  we  know  our  work  is  better  un- 
derstood. 

Northampton  County  convention  was 
held  at  Easton,  April  1st  (All  Fools'  Day), 
but  it  was  a  most  sane  and  informing  insti- 
tute to  those  who  were  wise  enough  to  be 
present.  The  only  people  fooled  were  those 
who  absented  themselves.  Mr.  Cork  and  Mrs. 
Barnes  were  brim  full  of  workable  sugges- 
tions, and  we  know  of  one  school  where  some 
movable  screens  are  sheltering  a  Senior  De- 
partment as  a  result  of  the  convention. 
With  a  set  of  working  officers  elected  at  the 
convention  we  hope  for  better  organization 
in  the  county,  and  consequently  a  larger  con.- 
vention  next  spring. 

Rev.  H.  B.  Rankin,  ex-President. 

Chester  County  convention  was  held  at 
Kennett  Square  on  Friday,  April  4th.  To  an 
outsider  the  attendance  did  not  seem  large, 
but  to  those  who  have  been  in  attendance 
other  years  it  was  very  encouraging,  being; 
larger  than  for  some  years.  The  program 
was  a  very  strong  one,  but  was  gotten  up 
hurriedly,  so  that  proper  advertising  could 
not  be  given  it.  Strong  addresses  were  made 
by  Dr.  Robt.  Watson,  Rev.  PettingiU,  PhiUp 
E.  Howard  of  the  S.  S.  Times,  Mrs.  Kennedy, 
and  Dr.  Hanna,  the  retiring  President. 
Much  credit  is  due  to  Mrs.  Abby  A.  Fergus, 
the  County  Secretary,  for  the  great  advance 
reported  at  the  convention.  In  the  new  Pres- 
ident, Mr.  Harry  T.  Dyott,  of  West  Chest  er,^ 
the  Association  has  a  very  efficient  officer. 
Hugh  Cork,  State  Worier, 

Centre  County  Sabbath-school  Associa- 
tion held  its  annual  convention  at  Centre 
Hall  on  the  8th  of  April.  The  day  was  the 
most  inclement  of  the  season.  Notwilhstand-^ 
ing  this,  the  convention  was  a  most  helpful 
one.    The  few  that  attended  expressed  them- 


10 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


selves  as  greatly  benefitted.  The  entire  pro- 
gram was  an  excellent  one,  but  that  which 
seems  to  have  impressed  itself  more  than  any 
other  feature,  was  the  discussion  on  "Meth- 
ods of  Teaching,"  and  Mr.  Hugh  Cork's  ad- 
drese  on  ' '  Working  for  Definite  Results. ' ' 
There  were  many  expressions  of  apprecia- 
tion of  this  most  practical  address.  Much 
good  seed  has  been  sown,  which  will  grow 
to  fruitfulness  by  and  by. 

Rev.  J.  M.  Re.\rick,  President. 

Lycoming  County  held  its  eighth  annual 
Bible-school  convention  at  Montgomery,April 
8th  and  9. h.  Notwithstanding  bad  weather,the 
attendance  was  excellent,  and  a  very  helpful 
program  earned  out.  Valuable  assistance 
was  rendered  by  Mrs.  Barnes  and  Mr.  Hugh 
Cork,  of  the  State  workers.  Too  much  credit 
cannot  be  given  our  Field  Secretary,  Mr.  E. 
B.  Walts,  who  has  thoroughly  organized  our 
county  and  held  almost  a  hundred  conven- 
tions in  the  thirty  districts  during  the  last 
year.  We  desire  the  county  to  be  wide- 
awake to  all  new  features  of  Sunday-school 
work. 

Rev.  C.  a.  Brady,  President. 

Montgomery  County  convention  was  a 
most  enjoyable  and  inspiring  meeting,  and 
was  held  in  the  First  Presbyterian  church, 
Norristown,  on  the  9th  and  10th  of  April. 
The  Thursday  evening  address  was  given  by 
Dr.  Blackall,  and  was  full  of  valuable  in- 
•struction.  It  was  a  treat  to  all  who  heard 
it.  The  Friday  sessions,  both  morning  and 
•evening,  were  largely  attended,  more  largely 
than  ever  before.  One  noticeable  feature 
was  that  nearly  every  local  district  was  rep- 
resented by  one  or  more  delegates,  so  that 
the  good  things  that  were  given  there  will 
no  doubt  be  carried  into  every  corner  of  the 
«ounty.  Mr.  Hugh  Cork  and  Mrs.  Barnes 
were  with  us,  and  shared  their  almost  limit- 
less knowledge  of  ways  and  means  for  Sun- 
day-school work.  Taking  it  altogether,  it 
■was  the  best  meeting  of  the  Association  held 
for  many  years. 

Rev.  L.  W.  Hainer,  President. 
•i-     •!•     •!• 

—All  orders  for  supplies  should  be  sent 
to  our  Eastern  OfiSee,  913  Crozer  Building, 
Phila.,  and  checks,  drafts  and  postal  or  ex- 
press money  orders  should  be  made  payable 
to  Pennsylvania  State  Sabbath-school  Asso- 
ciation. 


Subscribe  for  the. 


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PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


11 


PRIMARY  AND  JUNIOR  DEPARTMENT. 

Edited  by  MRS.  J.  W.   BARNES. 


SELECTING  THE  SONGS  AND  HYMNS 

FOR  THE  PRIMARY  DEPART= 

MENT. 

If  "Song  is  the  natural  language  of  spir- 
ituality," and  if  it  be  true  that  "it  is  an 
his'.orical  fact  that  the  civilizing  literature 
of  all  countries  begins  in  religious  hymns, 
Addressed  largely  to  the  powers  above, ' '  then 
the  songs  of  the  Primary  Class  are  not  even 
second  in  importance  to  the  lesson  itself. 

The  songs  should  not  be  used  primarily 
for  instruction,  but  rather  for  the  cultivation 
of  the  whole  nature.  We  must  depend  upon 
them  to  cultivate  religious  feeling  and 
to  awaken  aspirations,  using  them  also  as 
&  means  for  expression  on  the  part  of  the 
child,  of  the  truths  already  taught,  which 
when  expressed  in  song  will  become  more 
surely  his  very  own. 

To  know  how  to  choose  a  good  song  has 
Co  be  learned  by  all,  and  the  following  sug- 
gestions may  not  be  amiss  at  this  time: 

1.  ' '  Look  at  the  words. ' '  Nine  teachers 
out  of  ten  are  attracted  by  the  tune,  and  use 
it  without  first  considering  the  words  or  sen- 
timent. Of  course  this  is  wrong.  The  child's 
vocabulary  is  limited,  and  yet  more  limited 
are  his  experiences,  so  that  simplicity  of  sen- 
timent and  simplicity  of  words  for  expres- 
sion are  absolutely  essential.  Avoid  words 
which  are  symbolic.  To  be  sure,  we  cannot 
expect  every  child  to  understand  every  word 
of  many  of  the  songs  which  we  accept  as  our 
very  best,  yet  there  must  be  a  heart  appre- 
ciation and  a  general  comprehension  of  a 
song,  if  it  is  to  have  value.  Even  if  the 
ivords  are  explained  and  seemingly  under- 
stood, the  child  is  compelled  to  sing  the  com- 
plicated word  and  after  a  while,  forgetting 
the  explanation,  forms  his  own  conception  of 
the  word  used,  sometimes  with  unfortunate 
results. 

2.  "Look  at  the  truth  expressed  by  the 
words. ' '  This  might  seem  to  come  first, 
rather  than  simplicity  of  words,  except  that 
many  songs  which  might  express  a  truth 
which  would  be  desirable  might  have  to  be 
■discarded  because  lacking  simplicity  of  ex- 
pression.    Not  many  of  us  have  the  gift  to 


change  the  more  difficult  word  into  a  simple 
form  of  expression  and  still  retain  the  poetic 
feeling.  Now  the  truth  to  be  a  good  one  for 
the  child  needs  to  be  not  only  a  real  truth, 
but  one  which  comes  within  the  child's  expe- 
rience. ' '  Onward,  Christian  Soldiers, "  is  a 
good  song  in  every  respect,  but  very  decid- 
edly not  a  good  one  for  primary  children 
both  from  the  point  of  "experimental 
knowing"  and  from  the  whole  picture  sug- 
gested. ' '  I  want  to  be  an  angel ' '  is  used  as 
an  example  of  what  not  to  use  under  this 
head,  for  while  there  is  simplicity  of  words, 
it  contains  a  false  truth ;  while  ' '  Father,  we 
thank  Thee  for  the  night ' '  has  sim- 
plicity of  words,  is  within  the  child's  expe- 
riences, and  contains  teaching  which  is  true 
and  good.  Other  songs  might  be  mentioned 
which  are  good,  but  our  purpose  is  simply  to 
call  attention  to  the  rule  itself. 

.3.  ' '  The  music  must  tell  the  same  story 
as  the  words. ' '  After  we  have  passed  on  the 
truth  and  accepted  the  expression  of  it  as 
desirable,  then,  and  then  only,  are  we  ready 
to  turn  to  the  music  itself.  Unfortunately 
all  who  write  songs  for  sale  do  not  seem  to 
have  grasped  this  thought,  and  we  all  suifer 
because  of  it.  Music  is  a  language,  and  if 
the  melody  does  not  speak  the  same  one 
which  the  words  suggest,  confusion  not  only 
results  in  the  understanding  of  the  child,  but 
the  impression  desired  is  not  made  and  the 
expression  is  not  forthcoming.  In  many 
books  used  for  the  prayer  services  of  the 
church  very  curious  combinations  are  found. 
Words  and  sentiments  which  present  a  pic- 
ture of  our  Lord's  sufferings  joined  to  mu- 
sic which,  if  played  alone  to  one  who  had 
never  heard  the  words,  would  suggest  only 
gaiety  and  frivolity.  It  is  sacrilegious  in 
the  extreme.  Were  it  not  that  many  Pri- 
mary Classes  meet  in  the  same  room  as  the 
rest  of  the  school  where  no  regular  Sunday- 
school  song  book  is  used,  such  a  caution 
might  not  be  necessary,  for  in  the  so-called 
primary  song  books  this  extreme  thing  may 
not  be  found.  Many  misfits  are  discovered, 
however.  A  notable  one  is  ' '  While  shepherds 
watched  their  flocks  by  night"  found  in  one 
primary    book,    attached    to    a    martial    air. 


12 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


The  music  is  inspiring,  and  the  children  catch 
it  quickly,  and  therefore  it  is  used  or  has 
been  used  frequently,  though  the  words  and 
picture  presented  is  quiet,  peaceful,  yet  joy- 
ous. In  contrast  to  this  is  the  same  picture, 
but  with  different  words,  ' '  Watching  in  the 
Meadows,"  found  in  "The  Children's  Mes- 
siah, ' '  where  the  music  and  sentiment  ex- 
actly accord.  This  nde,  if  applied  to  the 
music  now  in  use  in  many  classes,  may  ne- 
cessitate the  removal  of  some  songs  which  the 
children  apparently  love,  for  the  rhythm 
often  appeals  strongly  to  them,  when  we 
fancy  it  is  the  words  and  general  under- 
standing of  the  song  itself.  If  applied  to 
all  new  songs  which  shall  be  taught  in  the 
future,  it  will  not  be  long  before  a  better 
style  of  music  ^fill  be  sung  by  the  children, 
and,  of  course,  better  results  will  be  se- 
cured. 

When  these  three  rules  are  observed,  we 
will  find  that  we  need  fewer  songs,  though 
in  reality  the  children  can  learn  more  if  the 
songs  selected  are  truly  ' '  song-stories, ' ' 
while  if  the  songs  can  be  selected  according 
to  topics,  this,  too,  will  be  found  to  be  an 
aid.  Have  songs  which  are  reverent  in  their 
tone,  with  thanksgiving  prominent  as  a  sen- 
timent, abundant  in  the  collection. 
■€-'•«!* 

HYMNS    AS    GRADE    WORK    IN    THE 
JUNIOR  DEPARTMENT. 

The  junior  pupils,  because  they  read  well 
and  can  handle  a  song  book  easily,  are  in 
danger  of  losing  much  that  might  come  to 
them  if  they  were  obliged  to  continue  the 
memorization  of  the  songs  as  they,  of  neces- 
sity, did  in  the  previous  grade.  In  addi- 
tion to  this,  their  readiness  to  sing  anything 
leads  some  superintendents  to  be  deceived  as 
to  their  interests,  and  so  they  are  allowed  to 
sing  everything. 

In  this  department  the  same  rules  hold 
good  for  the  selection  of  songs  as  applied  in 
the  lower  grade,  except  that  it  might  be 
changed  to  include  more  diflScult  words  and 
can  allow  of  more  advanced  experiences  as  a 
basis  for  the  sentiment  of  the  song  proposed. 
The  rule  ' '  keep  on  the  child 's  plane  of  expe- 
rience" applies  to  song  work  as  well  as  to 
lesson  teaching,  and  in  the  case  of  the  ju- 
niors permits  of  a  greater  range  in  selection. 

But  in  addition  to  the  care  in  the  selec- 
tion of  all  the  songs  which  are  sung  in  this 
grade,  remembering  here  that  the  cultivation 


of  the  spiritual  life  is  the  idea  here  also,  the 
memorization  of  hymns  is  also  an  important 
part  of  their  training  at  this  time.  While 
these  pupils  are  at  this  memory  age  this  is 
important,  and  if  begun  here  will  be  apt  to 
be  continued  in  the  grades  following.  One 
hymn  a  quarter  is  not  too  much  for  them,  but 
if  one  a  year  were  committed  it  would  be 
more  than  is  done  in  a  great  many  schools. 

What  hymns  should  be  memorized  is  a  na- 
tural question  at  this  point,  but  as  different 
schools  seem  to  include  different  ones  for 
this  purpose  (which  is  natural  if  the  hymn  to 
be  memorized  is  chosen  because  it  correlates 
nith  the  lesson  thought),  it  will  be  seen  at 
once  that  different  years  would  bring  differ- 
ent ones  in  the  same  grade.  So  the  point  is 
not  so  much  ichich  ones  shall  be  chosen  as 
that  they  shall  be  selected  with  care  and  be 
really  good  ones. 

There  is  a  distinction  made  between  hymns 
and  songs  which  will  be  an  aid,  perhaps,  and 
it  will  certainly  lead  us  to  use  more  of  the 
hymns  than  we  have,  as  more  training  seems 
to  be  needed  along  the  line  indicated  in  the 
definition.  "A  hymn  is  a  song  of  praise  or 
adoration,  and  is  addressed  to  a  person, ' ' 
while  ' '  A  song  is  a  poem  set  to  music  and  is 
about  a  person  " ;  "  Amen  is  used  at  the  end 
nhen  it  is  a  prayer."  A  careful  study  of  the 
accepted  hymns  of  the  Church  might  at  first 
lead  one  to  suppose  that  this  definition  was 
not  correct  until  one  discovers  that  some  of 
the  songs  classed  as  ' '  hymns, ' '  and  which  in 
the  light  of  this  statement  should  be  called 
' '  songs, ' '  are  really  parts  of  other  hymns 
which  have  been  separated  one  from  the 
other,  when  if  the  two  were  together  as  orig- 
inally written  they  come  under  the  classifica- 
tion of  "hymns."  But  be  this  as  it  may,  it 
will  be  a  help  to  any  teacher  to  bear  these 
statements  in  mind  in  the  selection. 

Another  aid  is  to  remember  the  five  essen- 
tial points  which  have  been  given  to  us  as 
elements  of  a  good  hymn,— as  given  to  us  by 
Earl  Nelson:  (1)  It  must  be  full  of  Scrip- 
ture. (2)  Full  of  individual  life  and  reality. 
(3)  It  must  have  the  acceptance  of  the  use  of 
the  Church.  (4)  It  must  be  pure  in  its  Eng- 
lish, in  its  rhyme  and  its  rhythm.  And  then 
he  adds:  "A  hymn  coming  from  a  deep  com- 
munion with  God,  and  from  the  special  expe- 
rience of  the  human  heart,  at  once  fulfills, 
and  only  can  fulfill,  the  tests  laid  down." 
We  might  add  to   this  that  the  music  and 


i 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


13 


words  must  liere,  too,  tell  the  same  story. 
With  these  six  rules  how  many  of  the  so- 
called  "spiritual  hymns  and  songs"  now  on 
the  market  would  not  bear  the  test,  and  yet 
how  finely  the  well-known  and  accepted 
hymns  of  the  Church  measure  up  to  the 
standard. 

With  these  points  it  is  not  difiicult  to  find 
in  our  Church  Hymnals  hymns  that  are  uni- 
versal in  their  use,  their  age  testifying  to 
their  popularity. 

Plow  shall  they  be  taught  is  another  perti- 
nent question.  Always  \\-ith  an  explanation 
of  the  truth  contained  therein,  and  where 
possible  with  the  story  of  the  writing,  or 
some  incident  connected  with  the  hymn. 
These  can  be  gotten  from  any  good  book  on 
■'■  Hymnology"  or  from  the  "Story  of  the 
Hymns,"  while  a  little  book,  called  "The 
Best  Hymns, ' '  published  by  The  Westmin- 
sjter  Press,  Philadelphia,  and  which  sells  for 
fifteen  cen's,  will  give  the  needed  informa- 
tion. 

The  Sorij^ture  references  which  underly  the 
hymn  should  also  be  looked  up  by  the  pupils 
themselves,  and  many  interesting  ways  will 
suggest  themselves  to  the  teacher,  so  that 
this  work  will  be  done  with  enthusiasm, 
pleasure,  and  profit. 

The  hymn  which  follows  with  its  Scripture 
references  might  be  used  with  the  older 
pupils  of  this  department : 

I. 
Jesus,  lover  of  my  soul, — John  13:  1. 
Let  me  to  Ihy  bosom  fly, — John  13:  23. 
While  the  nearer  waters  roll,— Ps.  69:  2. 
While  the  tempest  still  is  high  !  —  Ps.  .5.5  :  8. 
Hide  me,  O  my  Saviour,  hide— Ps.  27:  5. 
Till  the  storm  of  life  is  past,  — Isa.  26:  4. 
Safe  into  the  haven  guide, — Ps.  107:  30. 
O,  receive  my  soul  at  last.  — Acts  7:  59. 

II. 
Other  refuge  have  I  none, — Ps.  46:  1. 
Hangs  my  helpless  soul  on  Thee, — Prov.  10:3. 
Leave,  O  leave  me  not  alone, — Heb.  13 :  5. 
Still  support  and  comfort  me; — Isa.  66:  .1" 
All  my  trust  on  Thee  is  stayed,  — Isa.  26:  3. 
All  my  help  from  Tlree  I  bring,  — Isa.  41:  10. 
Cover  my  defenseless  head, — Ps.  140:  7. 
With  the  shadow  of  Thy  wing.— Ps.  57:  1. 

III. 
Thou,  O  Christ,  art  all  I  want:— Col.  3:  11. 
More  than  all  in  Thee,  T  find,— Col.  2:  9. 
Raise  the  fallen,  cheer  the  faint, — Ps.  145: 
14;   Isa.  40:  29. 


Heal   the   sick  and   lead   the  blind,  —  Ex.15: 

26;   Isa.  42:  16. 
Just  and  Holy  is  Thy  name.  — Acts  3:  14. 
I  am  all  unrightheousness;  —  Rom.  1:  29. 
False  and  full  of  sin  I  am,- — 1  John  1:  8. 
Thou  art  full  of  truth  and  grace.— John  1:14. 

IV. 

Plenteous  grace  with   Thee  is  found,  — 2  Cor. 

12:  9. 
Grace  to  cover  all  my  sins;— Rom.  5:  20. 
Let  the  healing  stream  abound;  —  Isa.  46:  4; 

Ezek.  47:  9. 
Make  and  keep  me  pure  within, — Ps.  51 :  10. 
Thou  of  life  the  fountain  art, — John  1:  4. 
Freely  let  me  take  of  Thee;— Rev.  22:  17. 
Spring   Thou  up  within   my  heart, — John  4: 

14. 
Rise  to  all  eternity. — John  4:  14. 
«     -S     *  • 
BIBLE  SONGS. 

' '  Music  is  a  universal  language, ' '  and  in 
all  times  has  been  the  method  of  expression 
of  the  emotions.  Probably  extreme  fear  and 
grief  are  the  only  feelings  that  do  not  find 
relief  in  music.  Certain  it  is  that  ' '  when 
speech  fails  then  music  begins. ' ' 

An  interesting  study  can  be  made  of  the 
hymns  of  the  Bible,  and  use  can  be  made  of 
them  either  historically  in  connection  with 
the  history  work  of  the  Bible,  or  as  a  part  of 
the    supplemental    lessons    on    the    topic    of 


14 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


' '  Bible  Songs, "  or  as  a  supplement  to  the 
lesson  when  it  is  found  that  they  fit  into  the 
lesson  of  the  day. 

An  interesting  feature  of  the  Bible  songs 
is  that  they  are  almost  wholly  songs  of  praise 
and  thanksgiving.  They  are  full  of  joy  and 
thanksgiving,  or  if  they  begin  with  supplica- 
tion they  end  with  thanksgiving.  In  fact, 
the  Jews  have  given  us  only  such  songs  as 
were  an  expression  of  joyous  feeling,  for 
when  they  were  stricken  with  grief  they 
could  not  sing;  it  has  been  left  for  the  mod- 
ern congregation  to  be  able  to  sing  anything 
and  not  feel  it. 

There  are  many  songs  in  the  Bible,  but 
here  are  a  few  by  way  of  suggestion: 

Song  of  Moses  and  Miriam.— Ex.  15. 

Song  of  Mary. — Luke  1. 

Psalm  90— thi  prayer  which  Moses  prayed 
after  the  people  had  sinned  in  the  wilder- 
ness. (See  also  ' '  Our  God,  Our  Help  in  Ages 
Past,"  in  Church  Hymnal.) 

Psalm  8— Written  by  the  Shepherd  of 
Bethlehem,  after  he  had  proved  himself  vic- 
torious over  the  melancholy  of  Saul  at  home, 
and  over  the  champions  of  the  Philistines  in 
the  field. 

Psalm  45  connects  itself  with  the  splen- 
dors of  Jehosaphat. 

Psalms  24  and  25  celebrate  the  removal  of 
the  Ark  after  the  conquest  of  Jerusalem. 

Psalm  30— Written  for  the  dedication  of 
the  House  of  David. 

Psalm  107  — The  great  Hebrew  Choral, 
sung  at  the  Feast  of  Tabernacles. 

While  it  is  customary  to  teach  that  the 
Psalms  are  the  ' '  Hymn  Book  of  the  Bible, ' ' 
it  is  not  the  only  place  in  which  hymns  are 
found,  as  the  above  reference  indicates,  and 
added  interest  would  be  given  even  to  the 
hymns  within  the  Psalms  if  (he  singing  of 
them  or  the  writing  of  them  could  be  at- 
tached to  some  event. 

' '  Music  is  God 's  best  gift  to  man,  the 
only  art  of  heajVen  given  to  earth,  the  only 
art  of  earth  that  we  take  to  heaven. ' ' 

' '  Music,  like  all  our  gifts,  is  given  to  us 
in  the  germ.  It  is  for  us  to  unfold  and  de- 
velop it  by  instruction  and  cultivation." 

"Among  the  arts,  music  alone  can  be 
purely  religious. ' ' 

"See  deep  enough,  and  you  see  musically; 
the  heart  of  nature  being  everywhere  music, 
if  you  can  only  reach  it." 

"Emotion,  not  thought,   is  the  sphere  of 


music;  and  emotion  quite  as  often  precedes 
as  follows  thought. ' ' 

' '  Music  is  a  sacred,  a  divine,  a  God-like 
thing." 

' '  A  song,  heard  in  the  street,  so  touched 
a  good  woman 's  heart  that  she  made  a  home 
for  the  boy-singer  in  her  house,  and  saved  to 
the  world  Luther,  whose  life 's  work  was  so 
great  that  it  has  been  said  that  'no  person 
lives  in  Christendom  whose  life  is  not  dif- 
ferent because  Luther  lived  and  worked  four 
hundred  years  ago. '  ' ' 

4     «     * 
NOTES. 

The  Primary  and  Junior  Unions  are  adopt- 
ing the  constitution  and  the  annual  meeting 
for  the  election  of  officers  being  fixed  for 
the  first  meeting  in  April,  will  soon  enable 
us  to  gather  our  Primary  Union  information 
at  one  common  time. 

Where  there  has  been  a  change  in  the  coun- 
cil members  it  is  understood  that  the  old 
council  is  the  one  which  will  first  convene. 
That  council  will  finish  up  the  business  of  the 
year  (at  the  State  Convention  next  October) 
for  which  they  are  responsible,  then  the  old 
council  will  be  adjourned  sine  die,  and  the 
new  council  will  be  convened  and  take  up  the 
business  for  the  new  year. 

The  council  members  are  expected  to  re- 
port to  the  State  Superintendent  every  quar- 
ter and  thus  we  will  be  able  to  keep  in  touch 
with  each  other. 

The  council  in  planning  that  the  annual 
meeting  should  be  held  at  the  first  of  a  quar- 
ter meant  that  the  old  officers  should  plan 
the  spring  quarler's  program  and  push  it 
through  until  summer  or  the  new  quarter. 
This  would  give  the  new  officers  time  to  plan 
for  advance  work ;  when,  if  elected  at  the  end 
of  a  quarter,  the  new  programs  must  of 
necessity  be  delayed. 

Next  year  we  trust  we  will  get  all  such 
matters  adjusted  so  that  all  may  be  working 
on  similar  lines. 

The  next  thing  we  must  push  for  is  a  time 
for  the  Annual  Institute  of  the  Union.  If 
all  the  Unions  could  hold  a  special  meeting 
or  Institute  in  the  fall,  the  full  inspiration  of 
it  would  be  felt  the  entire  year,  while  new 
members  brought  to  the  Union  through  this 
special  effort  would  be  more  apt  to  be  re- 
tained. 

The  annual  report  blanks  have  gone  to  the 
Unions. 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


15 


»MMM^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^V^»^'W^^^^ 


Wilson's  Rollins! 
Partitions 


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■  The  County  Primary  Superintendents  are 
now  in  possession  of  the  blanks  for  yearly 
reports,  and  while  the  County  Secretaries  are 
gathering  the  yearly  statistics  we  trust  they 
will  be  getting  the  district  workers  appoint- 
ed. Where  the  districts  are  already  organ- 
ized it  will  be  possible  to  have  them  ap- 
pointed through  the  district  officers,  but  these 
helpers  will  have  to  be  appointed  when  the 
district  is  not  already  organized.  The  dis- 
trict helpers  can  render  great  service  in  get- 
ting the  list  of  primary  teachers'  names  cor- 
rected. 

Summer  School  notes  are  being  put  into 
the  county  papers,  and  programs  will  be 
tnailed  upon  application  to  Mr.  Hugh  Cork 
or  Mrs.  J.  W.  Barnes. 

^1     #■     * 

LITTLE  THINGS. 

Only  a  little  shriveled  seed— 
It  might  be  a  flower  or  grass  or  weed ; 
Only  a  box  of  earth  on  the  edge 
Of  a  narrow,  dusty  window  ledge  ; 
Only  a  few  scant  summer  showers; 
Only  a  few  clear,  shining  hours; 
That  was  all.     Yet  God  could  make 
Out  of  these,  for  a  sick  child's  sake 
A  blossom-wonder  as  fair  and  sweet 
As  ever  broke  at  an  angel 's  feet. 

Only  a  life  of  barren  pain, 
Wet  with  sorrowful   tears   for  rain; 
Warmed    sometimes   by    a   wondering   gleam 
Of  joy  that  seemed  but  a  happy  dream. 
A  life  as  common  and  brown  and  bare 
As  the  box  of  earth  in  the  window  there; 
Yet  it  bore  at  least  the  precious  bloom 
Of  a  perfect  soul  in  a  narrow  room — 
Pure  as  the  snowy  leaves  that  fold 
Over  the  flower's  heart  of  gold. 

—  Henry   Van    Dyke. 


POINTS  FOR  TEACHERS. 

If  teachers  would  observe  the  following 
simple  rules  their  classes  would  be  greatly 
benefited: 

1.  Never  disappoint  your  class;  always  be 
there  or  have  some  one  else. 

2.  Never  scold.  You  cannot  right  things 
that  are  wrong  in  that  way. 

3.  Don 't  waste  time.  It  is  too  precious. 
Fill  up  every  moment. 

4.  Do  not  say  things  to  show  how  much 
you  know. 

5.  Be  patient. 

6.  Be  cheerful  in  your  work. 

7.  Have  an  opinion  of  your  own,  but  re- 
spect the  judgment  of  others. 

8.  Be  prompt,  punctual,  persistent,  and 
regular  in  your  work. 

9.  Pray  over  your  lessons,  with  your  fel- 
low-teachers, and  for  your  class. 

10.  Never  go  to  your  class  without  hav- 
ing made  special  preparation  for  teaching 
tne  particular  lesson  of  the  day.  — Unknown. 


UPLIFTED  VOICES 

A    new    kind    of    a         a 

SUNDAY  SCHOOL  HYMN  BOOK 

A  2uth  Century  .S.  .S,  book,  edited  by  Adam  Geibel 
and  K  Franic  Lehman  ;  assisted  by  .Superintendents, 
Uhoristers  am;  Otliciala  from  every  State  224  pages. 
With  l.iO  new  hymn.',  familiar  hymns  that  Ood  has 
blessed,  several  sroups  of  hymns  for  Lhristmas, 
Easter.  Children's  Day,  Rally  Day,  etc.  Officially 
adopted  by  many  Slate  Con  >  entions.  Unequalled  en- 
dorsements ;  phenomenal  sales.  30  cts.  for  examination 
copy  ;  money  r<  funded  if  bool<  is  returned  in  one  week, 
$15.00  per  hundred.  Specimen  pages  free.  Published 
by 
Geibel  &  Lebman,  1022  Arch  St.  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


16 


PENNSYLVANIA  HERALD. 


SUPERINTENDENT'S     AND     TEACHER'S     DEPARTMENT 

EDITED  BY  REV.  W.   F.  S.  NELSON,  SUPT  OF 
OXFORD  PRESBYTERIAN  S.  S..  PHILADELPHIA 


THE  SUPERINTENDENT  AND 
BATH=SCHOOL  MUSIC. 


SAB= 


BY  1!EV.  WM.  F.  S.  KELSON. 

"What  part  has  music  in  your  Sabbath- 
school?  Is  it  simply  a  part  of  a  program 
with  which  you  open  and  close  the  school,  or 
is  it  a  vital  part  of  your  Sabath-sehool  wor- 
ship? 

Upon  your  answer  will  depend,  in  part  at 
least,  your  success  as  a  superintendent,  and 
consequently  tie  success  of  your  school. 

Many  sufjerintendents  prepare  the  lesson 
thoroughly,  are  good  generals,  but  put  sing- 
ing in  such  a  subordinate  position  that  it 
leceives  no  attention  from  them  or  the 
school. 

Take  a  few  hints  from  a  superintendent 
Tvho  has  learned  from  a  costly  experience, 
:and  avoid  hia  mistakes. 

If  you  show  no  interest  in  the  music,  select 
your  hymns  only  as  they  happen  to  be  called 
for  on  the  program,  and  while  the  school 
waits,  do  not  be  surprised  if  the  school  shows 
just  as  little  interest  and  sings  with  no 
spirit  and  from  the  lips  only. 

If  you  say,  for  instance,  ' '  Let  us  rest  by 

rsinging  hymn — hymn — number — two — two — 

twenty,"  do  not  be  surprised  if  the  school 

take  you  literally  and  rest  in  fact,  while  a 

few  go  through  the  form  of  singing. 

Do  not  mistake  volume  for  feeling,  the  two 
■often  go  together,  but  just  as  often  do  not. 
Aim  at« worship,  not  noise.  Talk  of  your 
singing  as  j'ou  would  of  prayer  or  Scrip- 
iture  reading,  and  make  the  school  under- 
stand that  hjTnns  are  just  as  important  as 
either  of  the  above. 

If,  for  instance,  you  announce  "Abide 
With  Me,"  call  attention  to  the  fact  that 
this  hymn  is  a  prayer,  and  wo  are  about  to 
beseech  God  for  His  presence  and  help. 
"My  Faith  looks  up  to  Thee"  gives  you  an 
opportunity  to  ask  if,  indeed,  they  can  sing 
this  hymn  from  the  heart. 

Do  not  lower  the  dignity  of  worship  by 
having  the  school  sing  commonplace  jingles 
instead  of  real  music;  much  of  the  so-called 
' '  taking  music ' '  is  taking  only  as  a  disease 
is,— it  is  contagious,  easy,  but  meaningless. 
Do  not  neglect  the  good  old  standard  hymns 


of  the  Church.  Luther  's  "  A  Mighty  For- 
tress, "  "  Onward,  Christian  Soldiers, ' ' 
"Nearer,  My  God,  to  Thee,"  "My  Faith 
Looks  Tip  to  Thee,"  "Abide  With  Me," 
"Oh,  Livtle  Town  in  Bethlehem,"  "Christ, 
the  Lord,  is  Kisen  Today, "'  "  How  Firm  a 
Foundationj"  etc.,  etc.,  should  be  used  often, 
at  least  as  often  as  the  topics  permit ;  and  in 
but  few  of  the  new  hvmns  will  the  school 
join  so  heartily  or  devotionally  as  in  such  as 
these. 

Confer  often  with  your  chorister,  if  you 
have  one.  Get  him  to  study  the  subject  of 
the  lesson,  in  order  to  assist  you  in  selecting 
the  hymns.  Get  a  list  of  the  hymns  before 
Sabbath,  and  arrange  them  to  suit  the  dif- 
ferent parts  of  the  service,  having  always 
for  a  closing  hymn  one  that  drives  home  the 
lesson  and  sends  the  scholars  homeward  with 
the  lesson  liymn  ringing  in  their  ears. 

Quite  often  allow  the  school  to  suggest  a 


7Stli  Thousand  Edition 


Sample  Copy  35c.,  postpaid.    $30  per  100. 

If  jour  Sundayschool  is  contemplating  pur- 
chasing new  Singing  books,  write  us  for  our 
free  eight  page  booiclet  on  "Points  Worth  Con- 
sidering Before  Adopting  a  New  Singing  BoolJ." 


THE  HEIDELBERG  PRESS, 

1308  Arch  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


ARMIES    OF  CHILDREN 

are  singing  every  Sunday  from 

CARMINA      PO^    THE    SUN- 
V>/\rVlVlll>l/\        DAY-SCHOOL 

The  Best  Sunday-School  Hymnal 

Cloth  Bound,  $30  per  100. 
Sample  copy  postage  paid,  20  cents. 

A.  S.  BARNES  &  CO.,  156  5th  Ave.,  New  York 


hymn.  In  this  way  you  become  acquainted 
with  the  favorites  of  the  scholars,  and  may 
thus  be  guided  by  them  in  your  own  selec- 
tions. 

Watch  carefully  that  you  do  not  impose 
your  own  favorite  hymns  on  the  school  too 
often.  Keep  a  list  of  hymns  used,  and  in 
this  way  you  will  avoid  repetitions  and  con- 
sequent monotony. 

In  preparing  for  ' '  Children 's  Day, ' ' 
Christmas,  and  other  special  services,  begin 
early.  Take  up  one  or  two  hymns  each  Sab- 
bath, and  avoid  turning  the  service  into  a 
rehearsal.  Never  allow  the  ' '  f)raetice ' '  to 
supplant  the  lesson;  in  fact,  it  is  best  to 
have  as  little  practice  as  possible,  simply  use 
the  new  hymns  in  place  of  the  usual  hymns 
in  opening  and  closing  worship. 

Watch  the  words  of  your  hymns;  better 
sacrifice  a  "catchy"  tune  than  to  use  the 
poor,  trashy,  unscriptural  and  often  mis- 
leading rhymes  that  frequently  pass  for 
hymns. 

Have  antiphonal  singing  as  often  as  pos- 
sible, in  hymns  adapted  to  this  method.  Let 
the  female  voices  take  a  line  or  stanza,  and 
the  male  voices  the  next.  Let  the  school  sing 
by  sections.  When  there  is  a  suitable  hymn, 
let  a  few  classes  or  a  single  class  sing  a  part 
and  the  school  join  in  the  chorus.  Some- 
times let  the  school  sing  a  prayer-hymn  with 
bowed  heads  or  kneeling.  Use  all  methods 
that  are  dignified  and  inspire  the  worshipful 
spirit  in  singing. 

Singing  in  the  Sabbalh-school  is  capable 
of  great  improvement,  if  you  can  get  your 
school  to  sing  with  the  understanding  and 
sing  with  joy  in  their  hearts.  If  you  insist 
on  as  much  devotion  in  song  as  in  other  parts 
of  the  service,  you  will,  indeed,  have  led  your 
school  a  long  distance  toward  ' '  The  Model 
Sunday-school. ' ' 


WANTED.— The  exact  date  of  the  marriage  of 
Emma  Hale  to  Joseph  Smith,  the  Prophet  of 
Mormonism.  Appropriate  reward  to  first  twenty 
answers.    Address:  Box  lo,  Qranlteville,  S.  C. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA 
STATE  COLLEGE 

has  one  of  the  best  Engineering  Buildings, 
if  not  the  very  best,  in  the  United  States, 
with  ample  modern  equipment  for  Civil, 
Electrical,  Mechanical  and  Mining  Engin- 
eering. For  Catalogue  and  other  particu- 
lars, address 

THE  REGISTKAR, 

State  College,  Pa. 


The  Philadelphia.  Sabbath- 
School  cAssociation 

Selected  all  the  Songs  for  the  Oreat  Convention 
held  January  30,  1902  from  ttiat  finest  of  aJl 
Sunday-School  Song  Books,  the 

"SERVICE  OF  PRAISE" 


CuPERiNTENDENTS,  Teachers,  Work- 
"-^  ers,  Delegates,  Pastors  and  all  others 
in  attendance  at  the  convention,  pro- 
nounced the  singing  the  great  feature. 
Prof.  J.  Lincoln  Hall,  the  leader  of  the 
Convention  Choir  of  400  voices,  said  : 

"The   songs    from    the  '  ervice  of   Praise' 
made  possible  the  success  of  the  singing." 


Every  Sunday-school  Superintendent, 
Teacher  and  Chorister  should  examine 
a  complete  copy  of  "Service  of  Praise." 

Send  for  returnable  sample, 
$35  per  hundred. 


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We   also  manufacture  Cabinet  and  Chapel  Reed  Organs  of  all  sizes,    which 
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THE  LEADING  NEW  SONG  BOOKS  FOR  1902. 


Hymns  of  Faith  and  Praise. 

Edited  by  D.  B.  TOWNER, 

Director  of  Music  at  Moody  Bible  Institute  and 

at  Northfield  Conferences. 

This  is  easily  the  leading  new  song  book  of  1902.  It  is 
edited  by  the  foremost  gospel  singer  and  composer  of 
the  country  now  in  active  service.  It  contains  the  larg- 
est number  of  new  songs  that  havf  been  tested  in  actual 
use.  It  embodies  the  latest  popular  songs  as  well  as  a 
large  number  of  gospel  songs  and  hymns  that  are  rec- 
ognized as  standard.  It  is  a  strong,  practical  book  for 
every  phase  of  church  work. 

It  is  being  used  by  Dr.  G.  Campbell  Morgan  and  Dr. 
H  B.  Pope  at  Evanston,  [11.,  Bible  Conference,  at  the 
Great  Chicago  Bible  Conferences,  at  the  Great  Atlanta 
Bible  Conference,  and  elsewhere;  Evangelist  Newell  in 
his  Great  Studebak<-r  Hall,  Chicago  Met-ting,  in  his 
CireatSt.  Louis  Meeting;  also  by  a  large  number  of  other 
evang«lists  in  all  parts  of  the  country. 

A  large  number  of  leading  churches  hare  already  In- 
troduced it  with  fine  success. 

Prices:  In  boards.  30o.  postpaid,  25c.  charges  unpaid; 
in  cloth,  35c.  poitpaid,  30c.  charges  unpaid.  These  prices 
rule  in  any  quantity 

All  royalties  go  to  the  support  of  The  Moody 
Bible  Institute,  Chicago. 

A  Single  Sample  Each  of  the 


The  Master's  Call. 

A    Collection   of   New  Songs   for  Sunday- 
Schools,  Young  People's  Meetings  and 
Other  Devotional  Services. 
Edited  by  E.  S.  LORENZ. 
Contributing  Editors— Chas.  H.  Gabriel,  J.  H.  Tenney, 
M.  L.  McPhail  and  Wm.  Edie  Marks. 

This  new  song  book  is  full  of  bright,  new  music  that 
kindles  enthusiasm  and  stirs  the  sluggish.  The  music 
is  not  dlilicult,  beirgr  simpler  than  most  of  our  previous 
books.  But  it  is  not  empty  twaddle— it  is  good  and 
effective.  The  writers  are  at  their  best,  and  the  combi- 
nation of  contributing  editors  and  over  thirty  general 
contributors,  with  the  general  editor's  own  compo- 
sitions, is  a  particularly  strong  one.  The  hymns  are 
unusually  fresh  and  fine,  and  the  themes  unhackneyed 
and  fresh,  while  appropriate  and  practically  useful.  A 
number  of  standard  hymns  and  gospel  songs  are  given 
for  devotional  purposes. 

Beautifully  printed  and  bound.  Price  30c.  per  copy 
postpaid ;?3  per  dozen,  or  ?25  per  hundred  by  express, 
charges  not  paid. 

Sound  Notes,  Shaped  Notes— state  uhich 
you  prefer. 

Abo'be  Tivo  Books  for  30  cents. 


OUR  NEW  CHILDREN'S  DAY  PROGRAMS. 

THE  KING'S  GARDEN  LIFE'S  SUNNY  DAY 


Text  liy  Belle  Case  Harrington 
Music  by  E.  S.  Lorenz 
The  text  Is  simple,  but  rich  with  variety  and  charm. 
It  has  unity,  and  yet  is  full  of  stirring  surprises.    The 
music  is  simple  and  easy,  but  bubbles  with  spontaneous 
melody  that  will  stir  and  please. 


Text  by  Mrs.  Geo.  Archibald  Palmer 

Music  by  £.  S.  Lorenz  and  Chas.  H.  Qabriel 

This  service  has  in  it  the  sparkle,  the  vivacity,  the 

everlasting  "go"  of  child-life.    The  text  is  extremely 

vivacious  and  suggestive.    The   music  has  plenty  of 

"snap"  in  it,  and  is  sure  to  please  and  inspire. 


Send  2-cent  Stamp  for  Sample  Each  of  the  Tivo. 


The  Lorenz  Publishing  Co.,  ISO  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York. 


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